Dr. Seema Behl, a renowned phaco and LASIK surgeon from Mumbai presents an insightful discussion on the various methods available for correcting refractive errors.
What are Refractive Errors?
Refractive errors occur when the light entering the eye does not focus correctly on the retina, leading to blurred vision. The primary types include:
- Myopia (Nearsightedness): Light focuses in front of the retina, causing distant objects to appear blurry.
- Hypermetropia (Farsightedness): Light focuses behind the retina, making close objects appear blurry.
- Astigmatism: Light does not focus at a single point on the retina, resulting in overall blurred vision.
Origin of Refractive Power in the Eye
The refractive power of the eye is derived from two main components:
- Cornea: The clear, dome-shaped surface covering the front of the eye.
- Lens: A flexible, transparent structure situated behind the iris and the pupil.
Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK)
What is PRK?
PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy) is a cornea-based procedure designed to correct refractive errors.
Procedure of PRK
During PRK, the epithelium (outer layer) of the cornea is removed, and the cornea is reshaped with a laser to correct the refractive error. A contact lens is placed on the cornea post-procedure and is removed after three to four days.
Benefits of PRK
- Suitable for thin corneas
- No flap creation, hence no flap-related complications
Reduced incidence of dryness as corneal nerves are not cut
Disadvantages and Limitations of PRK
- Longer healing time, taking at least two weeks and up to six months for vision to stabilize
- Discomfort or mild pain for two to three days
- Correction depends on the body’s healing process, with slight variations possible
Cost of PRK in Mumbai
The cost of PRK in Mumbai typically ranges from 40,000 to 70,000 INR for both eyes.
Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)
What is LASIK?
LASIK is a widely-used refractive surgery where a flap is created on the cornea, reshaped with a laser, and then replaced.
Types of LASIK
- Routine LASIK: Flap created with a microkeratome.
- Femto LASIK/Bladeless LASIK: Flap created with a laser.
Procedure of LASIK
A flap is created on the cornea and lifted. The cornea is reshaped with a laser to correct the refractive error, and the flap is then replaced.
Benefits of LASIK
- Fast recovery, with over 95% of patients experiencing clear vision the next day
- Stable vision typically achieved within a month
- Minimal discomfort or pain, usually lasting less than 24 hours
Disadvantages and Limitations of LASIK
- Rare flap-related complications
- Corneal nerves take one to six months to regenerate, potentially causing dryness
Cost of LASIK in Mumbai
The cost of LASIK in Mumbai varies depending on the type of LASIK and the clinic.
Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE)
What is SMILE?
SMILE is a minimally invasive procedure that does not involve creating a flap. A small incision is made, and a lenticule is removed using a laser.
Procedure of SMILE
A small incision is made in the cornea, and a lenticular (a small piece of corneal tissue) is removed using a laser.
Benefits of SMILE
- Minimizes the risk of dryness
- No flap-related complications, making it suitable for those engaged in adventure sports
Disadvantages and Limitations of SMILE
- Limited to certain refractive errors
- Availability and cost may vary
Cost of SMILE in Mumbai
The cost of SMILE in Mumbai can be higher than LASIK due to the advanced technology involved.
SILK (SMILE’s Advanced Form)
What is SILK?
SILK is an advanced form of SMILE, providing enhanced precision and outcomes.
Procedure of SILK
Similar to SMILE, but with advanced technology for improved precision.
Benefits of SILK
- Enhanced precision
- Improved patient outcomes
Disadvantages and Limitations of SILK
- Higher cost due to advanced technology
- Availability may be limited
Cost of SILK in Mumbai
The cost of SILK in Mumbai is typically higher than SMILE due to the advanced technology.
Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL)
What is ICL?
ICL is a procedure where a contact lens-like device is implanted inside the eye, suitable for high refractive errors.
Procedure of ICL
A contact lens-like device is implanted inside the eye to correct refractive errors.
Benefits of ICL
- Suitable for very high refractive errors
- No removal of corneal tissue
Disadvantages and Limitations of ICL
- Invasive procedure
- Higher cost compared to other refractive surgeries
Cost of ICL in Mumbai
The cost of ICL in Mumbai varies based on the clinic and the severity of the refractive error.
Choosing the Right Procedure
When choosing the right procedure, factors such as the severity of the refractive error, cornea thickness, and lifestyle should be considered. Consulting with an eye specialist is essential to determine the best option.
Pre-Procedure Preparations
Before undergoing any refractive surgery, an initial consultation and pre-procedure tests are crucial to ensure the patient is a suitable candidate for the chosen procedure.
Post-Procedure Care
Immediate Care After the Procedure
Follow all post-procedure instructions given by the doctor.
Use prescribed medications and eye drops as directed.
Long-Term Care and Follow-Up
- Regular follow-up appointments to monitor healing and vision stability.
- Long-term care includes protecting the eyes from injury and maintaining overall eye health.
Possible Complications and How to Avoid Them
Common Complications
- Dry eyes
- Infection
- Under-correction or over-correction
Tips to Minimize Risks
- Choose a reputable and experienced surgeon.
- Follow all pre- and post-procedure care instructions.
Advancements in Refractive Surgery
Refractive surgery technology and techniques are continually advancing, offering improved outcomes and fewer complications. Keeping up with the latest trends and innovations is beneficial.
Correcting refractive errors through procedures like PRK, LASIK, SMILE, SILK, and ICL can significantly enhance the quality of life. Consulting with a specialist to determine the best option is highly recommended.
If you’re struggling with refractive errors and considering corrective surgery, it’s essential to consult with an experienced eye specialist. Dr. Seema Behl and her team are here to provide expert guidance and state-of-the-art treatment options tailored to your needs. Schedule a consultation today to explore the best solution for your vision correction needs. Don’t let blurred vision hold you back any longer – take the first step towards clearer, sharper vision now.
FAQs
Q. How long does it take to recover from LASIK?
Most patients experience clear vision the next day, with stable vision typically achieved within a month.
Q. Is PRK painful?
Patients may experience discomfort or mild pain for two to three days post-procedure.
Q. What is the main advantage of SMILE over LASIK?
SMILE minimizes the risk of dryness and has no flap-related complications, making it suitable for those engaged in adventure sports.
Q. Who is a good candidate for ICL?
ICL is suitable for individuals with very high refractive errors where LASIK is not an option.
Q. How much does LASIK cost in Mumbai?
The cost of LASIK in Mumbai varies depending on the type of LASIK and the clinic but is generally affordable.